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HCV, HBV coinfection does not compromise HIV prognosis in the presence of active ART

Date: 2022/12/05

Among people living with HIV on active antiretroviral therapy (ART), coinfection with the hepatitis B (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV) viruses does not seem to significantly worsen immunologic and virologic response to treatment, a recent study has found.

The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study of 500 people living with HIV attending an ART clinic. Surface antigen and virus antibody testing revealed that 8.4 percent of patients were co-infected with HBV while 0.2 percent had co-occurring HCV. CD4 cell counts and HIV-1 RNA levels were also estimated and included in the analysis.

In patients with HIV/HBV co-infection, the mean CD4 cell count was 361.0. In those with HIV alone, the mean count was 473.8, with the between-group difference falling short of statistical significance (p=0.307). Similarly, HIV-1 RNA levels were not significantly different between those with vs without HBV coinfection (log102.9 vs log102.8 copies/mL; p=0.811).

In contrast, those with only HIV had lower viral load levels. Virologic failure occurred in a third of patients with HBV co-infection, while the only patient with HCV co-infection continued to demonstrate viral suppression. Statistical analysis of CD4 cell count and HIV-1 RNA levels was impossible for HCV coinfection due to the small number of patients.

“The study showed no significant difference in the immunologic and virologic responses of patients with HIV mono-infections had and patients with HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections,” the researchers said. “The study, therefore, concludes that, HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections do not significantly affect the immunologic and virologic responses of patients who have initiated highly active ART.”

PLoS One 2022;doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0278037

 


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