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The number of HIV screening laboratories increased to 49,000, and the number of designated institutions for antiviral treatment increased to more than 6,000. In recent years, China's AIDS prevention and control service system is improving day by day, and AIDS prevention and control has achieved remarkable results.

December 1, 2022 marks the 35th World AIDS Day, and the theme of this year's campaign is "Fight AIDS for all, Share health". Experts believe that the prevention and control of AIDS needs the attention and action of the whole society, everyone should improve self-protection awareness and skills, do their own health first person.

AIDS has great harm and high fatality rate

AIDS, also known as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a progressive immune deficiency characterized by the reduction of CD4+T lymphocytes caused by human infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In the later stage of the disease, various opportunistic infections, malignant tumors and central nervous system diseases can be secondary.

AIDS has great harm and high fatality rate. According to a report released by UNAIDS, in 2021, 650,000 people around the world lost their lives due to AIDS, and 1.5 million people were newly infected with HIV. According to an overview of notifiable infectious diseases in 2021 released by the National Health Commission, the number of reported deaths from AIDS ranked first among the three notifiable infectious diseases: A, B and C.

Li Taisheng, director of the Department of Infection at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said AIDS can be transmitted in three ways: blood, sex and mother-to-child transmission. People are generally susceptible to AIDS, which can be transmitted through contact with blood, semen, vaginal fluid and breast milk carrying the virus.

So far, however, there is no cure for AIDS drugs, nor is there an effective vaccine to prevent infection. Once infected, you need to take medication regularly throughout your life.

Time is running out to meet the United Nations' goal of ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Experts believe that in order to eliminate the harm of AIDS, individuals should first pay attention to and learn to master the knowledge of AIDS prevention, refuse unsafe sex, stay away from drugs, improve self-protection awareness and skills, do a good job of health protection.

Prevention and control of AIDS should pay attention to early intervention

"The study shows that Chinese men who have sex with men become infected with HIV an average of 4.8 years after infection, suggesting that more attention should be paid to relevant detection and early treatment." "Said Li Taisheng.

Expanding testing is an important strategy for HIV prevention and treatment. At present, our country has formed a set of comprehensive testing services model, HIV voluntary consultation and testing is one of them.

According to the revised Guidelines for voluntary AIDS Counseling and Testing published by the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, voluntary AIDS counseling and testing can be done in CDC at all levels, as well as in some comprehensive medical institutions, maternal and child health institutions, community health service centers, and township health centers.

After the occurrence of AIDS exposure, it can be prevented and remedied. Lu Hongyan, director of the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS, chief physician, said that unsafe sex and other high-risk behaviors, should promptly go to the hospital for consultation and testing, and under the guidance of doctors for post-exposure prophylaxis.

Post-exposure prophylaxis can effectively reduce the risk of HIV infection. "The earlier you start post-exposure prophylaxis once high-risk behaviors occur, the better." If post-exposure prophylaxis is needed, it should be done within 24 hours and no more than 72 hours at the latest, Lu said.

Efforts have been made to keep the AIDS epidemic at a low epidemic level

In recent years, China has issued a series of policy documents to chart the course for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. The Healthy China Action Plan (2019-2030) further defines the specific goal of keeping HIV/AIDS at a low epidemic level. The Implementation Plan for Curbing the Spread of HIV/AIDS (2019-2022) clearly calls for increasing awareness of HIV prevention and control, avoiding and reducing unsafe sex, maximizing detection and treatment of HIV-infected persons, and curbing the rise of HIV/AIDS sexual transmission...
Thanks to the concerted efforts of the whole society, China has achieved remarkable results in HIV/AIDS prevention and control. The epidemic has been kept at a low epidemic level, and the treatment coverage rate and success rate of infected people have both exceeded 90 percent.

"Over the past decade, the country's HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment service system and capacity have been further improved and improved." Feng Zijian, executive vice president and secretary general of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, said China has increased its HIV screening laboratories from 17,000 to 49,000, confirmation laboratories from 300 to 700, and designated institutions for antiviral treatment from 3,400 to 6,000.
The 14th Five-Year National Health Plan calls for continuing to keep the epidemic at a low level, highlighting key areas, groups and links, and effectively implementing prevention and control measures such as publicity and education, comprehensive intervention, testing and consultation, treatment and follow-up, and comprehensive treatment.

"During the 14th Five-Year Plan, we will continue to make unremitting efforts to address global challenges in the field of HIV/AIDS, such as functional cure, complications caused by chronic inflammation and immune reconstitution disorders." "Said Li Taisheng.