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How do I avoid passing HIV on to someone else?
If you are infected with HIV, the best way to prevent spreading HIV infection to others is to:
-Take your medication as prescribed — there is a very low risk of passing on HIV if your own infection is under control (this is a called an ‘undetectable viral load’)
-Use condoms and a water-based lubricant for anal and vaginal sex
-Never share needles, syringes and other injecting equipment
If you have HIV infection, you are expected to notify anyone who is at risk of exposure from you:
-Tell people you have had sex or taken drugs with (contact tracing). Your doctor can help you decide who may be at risk and help you to contact them either personally or anonymously.
-Tell anyone you intend to have sex with about your HIV status (even when you use a condom). This is required by law in some states.
If you are pregnant, talk to your doctor about starting antiretroviral treatment to prevent the infection passing to the baby during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding.